sqlite: enable defensive mode by default

[louwers]

This PR enables SQLite defensive mode by default.

When the defensive flag is enabled, language features that allow ordinary SQL to deliberately corrupt the database file are disabled.

More information in the SQLite documentation and the discussion in the PR that introduced this flag.

[nodejs-github-bot]

Review requested:

• @nodejs/sqlite

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 88.53%. Comparing base (05d6b9b) to head (5eec394).
⚠️ Report is 39 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #61266      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   88.53%   88.53%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         703      704       +1     
  Lines      208599   208753     +154     
  Branches    40229    40274      +45     
==========================================
+ Hits       184685   184820     +135     
- Misses      15939    15945       +6     
- Partials     7975     7988      +13     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
src/node_sqlite.h	80.39% <100.00%> (ø)

... and 40 files with indirect coverage changes

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[github-actions]

The notable-change PRs with changes that should be highlighted in changelogs. label has been added by @Renegade334.

Please suggest a text for the release notes if you'd like to include a more detailed summary, then proceed to update the PR description with the text or a link to the notable change suggested text comment. Otherwise, the commit will be placed in the Other Notable Changes section.

[Renegade334]

I think this is the correct approach. I don't see any barriers to this being semver-minor, with the API being experimental and with such a small minority of users likely to be impacted.

[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/70666/

[cjihrig]

Just a note that this doesn't have to be semver minor. It's not adding a new feature and there is no semver contract for experimental features.

[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/70679/