sqlite: db.prepare(sql).set* chain

[mike-git374]

This implements Proposal 1 of issue #61235

[nodejs-github-bot]

Review requested:

• @nodejs/sqlite

[himself65]

Could you please update the test case?

[mike-git374]

I updated all tests with statement.set* functions

[Renegade334]

I'm -0.5 on this, as repeated calls across the JS-C++ boundary to set statement options is a very much less efficient paradigm than the alternative proposal, which was to allow options to be passed to prepare(). Passing a consolidated options object to set statement options also matches the pattern already in use in the database constructor.

[mike-git374]

I updated the issue to address this and now recommend db.prepare(sql[, options]) as an alternative to or in addition to this PR

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 88.53%. Comparing base (95852d7) to head (302305c).
⚠️ Report is 11 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #61263      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   88.54%   88.53%   -0.02%     
==========================================
  Files         704      704              
  Lines      208753   208757       +4     
  Branches    40280    40288       +8     
==========================================
- Hits       184847   184820      -27     
- Misses      15907    15952      +45     
+ Partials     7999     7985      -14     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
src/node_sqlite.cc	80.20% <100.00%> (+0.03%)	⬆️

... and 29 files with indirect coverage changes

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