This project proposes a cost effective Landslide Detection System designed for the timely detection and warning of potential geological hazards. The system uses an Arduino UNO microcontroller to integrate a Soil Moisture Sensor and an SW-420 Vibration Sensor to monitor critical environmental parameters: soil saturation and ground instability. Utilizing these inputs, the system provides realtime alerts through a 16x2 I2C LCD display and an buzzer, thereby enhancing public safety and enabling proactive responses to potential landslide conditions.
The following apparatus is required to build the Landslide Detection System:
| Component | Function |
|---|---|
| Arduino UNO | Processes sensor inputs and controls outputs. |
| SW-420 Vibration Sensor | Detects ground vibrations signal instability. |
| Soil Moisture Sensor | Measures soil moisture levels. |
| Buzzer | Sounds alerts for critical conditions. |
| 16x2 I2C LCD | Displays real time data and alerts. |
| Jumper Wires | Connects components. |
| Breadboard (Optional) | Used for prototyping connections. |
The system is designed to provide alerts based on two critical conditions:
- The LCD displays real time readings of the soil moisture percentage.
- If moisture levels exceed 60%, the system triggers an alert.
- The alert message "Landslide Alert!" is displayed on the LCD, and an audible alarm is activated through the buzzer.
- To simulate ground vibrations, gently shake or tap near the SW-420 sensor.
- When vibration is detected, a message indicating "Detected vibration... Activating buzzer." appears in the Serial Monitor.
- An audible buzzing sound is heard for up to 5 seconds.
The system offers several advantages for risk mitigation:
- Cost Effective Solution: Utilizes affordable components, making it accessible for deployment in various regions without high costs.
- Real Time Data Display: Displays soil moisture levels and alerts on the 16x2 I2C LCD, facilitating immediate understanding of conditions.
- Low Power Consumption: Operates efficiently, suitable for remote locations with limited power supply.
- Scalability: Easily expandable by adding more sensors to cover larger areas or multiple monitoring points.
The project has certain constraints to consider:
- Limited Detection Range: The system may only monitor specific areas, potentially missing landslides occurring outside the monitored range.
- Sensitivity Issues: The vibration sensor may not detect all ground movements, which could lead to false alarms or missed alerts for minor vibrations.
- Cost Implications: While initial costs may be low, deploying multiple sensors across larger areas can become expensive.