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Refactor server start in examples #229

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23 changes: 14 additions & 9 deletions examples/basic-server-preact/server-utils.ts
View file
Open in desktop
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,29 +1,34 @@
/**
* Shared utilities for running MCP servers with Streamable HTTP transport.
* Shared utilities for running MCP servers with various transports.
*/

import { createMcpExpressApp } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/express.js";
import type { McpServer } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/mcp.js";
import { StdioServerTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/stdio.js";
import { StreamableHTTPServerTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/streamableHttp.js";
import cors from "cors";
import type { Request, Response } from "express";

export interface ServerOptions {
port: number;
name?: string;
/**
* Starts an MCP server with stdio transport.
*
* @param createServer - Factory function that creates a new McpServer instance.
*/
export async function startStdioServer(
createServer: () => McpServer,
): Promise<void> {
await createServer().connect(new StdioServerTransport());
}

/**
* Starts an MCP server with Streamable HTTP transport in stateless mode.
*
* @param createServer - Factory function that creates a new McpServer instance per request.
* @param options - Server configuration options.
*/
export async function startServer(
export async function startHttpServer(
createServer: () => McpServer,
options: ServerOptions,
): Promise<void> {
const { port, name = "MCP Server" } = options;
const port = parseInt(process.env.PORT ?? "3001", 10);
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@ochafik ochafik Jan 11, 2026

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This introduces process.env again in server-utils, I don't like this direction tbh

And the startStdioServer method is a lot of lines to replace a one-liner.

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@jonathanhefner jonathanhefner Jan 11, 2026

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This introduces process.env again in server-utils, I don't like this direction tbh

The PORT env variable is very widely used, so reading from wherever in the code base is pretty typical for web servers.

And the startStdioServer method is a lot of lines to replace a one-liner.

The intent is instant clarity. Compare:

  if (process.argv.includes("--stdio")) {
    await createServer().connect(new StdioServerTransport());
  } else {
    const port = parseInt(process.env.PORT ?? "3001", 10);
    await startServer(createServer, { port, name: "Basic MCP App Server (Preact)" });
  }

vs

  process.argv.includes("--stdio")
    ? await startStdioServer(createServer)
    : await startHttpServer(createServer);

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@ochafik ochafik Jan 12, 2026

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Mmh fair enough won't die on this hill, thanks! ;-)


const app = createMcpExpressApp({ host: "0.0.0.0" });
app.use(cors());
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -55,7 +60,7 @@ export async function startServer(
});

const httpServer = app.listen(port, () => {
console.log(`${name} listening on http://localhost:${port}/mcp`);
console.log(`Server listening on http://localhost:${port}/mcp`);
});

const shutdown = () => {
Expand Down
12 changes: 4 additions & 8 deletions examples/basic-server-preact/server.ts
View file
Open in desktop
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
import { McpServer } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/mcp.js";
import { StdioServerTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/stdio.js";
import type { CallToolResult, ReadResourceResult } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js";
import fs from "node:fs/promises";
import path from "node:path";
import { registerAppTool, registerAppResource, RESOURCE_MIME_TYPE } from "@modelcontextprotocol/ext-apps/server";
import { startServer } from "./server-utils.js";
import { startStdioServer, startHttpServer } from "./server-utils.js";

const DIST_DIR = path.join(import.meta.dirname, "dist");

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -57,12 +56,9 @@ function createServer(): McpServer {
}

async function main() {
if (process.argv.includes("--stdio")) {
await createServer().connect(new StdioServerTransport());
} else {
const port = parseInt(process.env.PORT ?? "3001", 10);
await startServer(createServer, { port, name: "Basic MCP App Server (Preact)" });
}
process.argv.includes("--stdio")
? await startStdioServer(createServer)
: await startHttpServer(createServer);
}

main().catch((e) => {
Expand Down
23 changes: 14 additions & 9 deletions examples/basic-server-react/server-utils.ts
View file
Open in desktop
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,29 +1,34 @@
/**
* Shared utilities for running MCP servers with Streamable HTTP transport.
* Shared utilities for running MCP servers with various transports.
*/

import { createMcpExpressApp } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/express.js";
import type { McpServer } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/mcp.js";
import { StdioServerTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/stdio.js";
import { StreamableHTTPServerTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/streamableHttp.js";
import cors from "cors";
import type { Request, Response } from "express";

export interface ServerOptions {
port: number;
name?: string;
/**
* Starts an MCP server with stdio transport.
*
* @param createServer - Factory function that creates a new McpServer instance.
*/
export async function startStdioServer(
createServer: () => McpServer,
): Promise<void> {
await createServer().connect(new StdioServerTransport());
}

/**
* Starts an MCP server with Streamable HTTP transport in stateless mode.
*
* @param createServer - Factory function that creates a new McpServer instance per request.
* @param options - Server configuration options.
*/
export async function startServer(
export async function startHttpServer(
createServer: () => McpServer,
options: ServerOptions,
): Promise<void> {
const { port, name = "MCP Server" } = options;
const port = parseInt(process.env.PORT ?? "3001", 10);

const app = createMcpExpressApp({ host: "0.0.0.0" });
app.use(cors());
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -55,7 +60,7 @@ export async function startServer(
});

const httpServer = app.listen(port, () => {
console.log(`${name} listening on http://localhost:${port}/mcp`);
console.log(`Server listening on http://localhost:${port}/mcp`);
});

const shutdown = () => {
Expand Down
12 changes: 4 additions & 8 deletions examples/basic-server-react/server.ts
View file
Open in desktop
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
import { McpServer } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/mcp.js";
import { StdioServerTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/stdio.js";
import type { CallToolResult, ReadResourceResult } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js";
import fs from "node:fs/promises";
import path from "node:path";
import { registerAppTool, registerAppResource, RESOURCE_MIME_TYPE, RESOURCE_URI_META_KEY } from "@modelcontextprotocol/ext-apps/server";
import { startServer } from "./server-utils.js";
import { startStdioServer, startHttpServer } from "./server-utils.js";

const DIST_DIR = path.join(import.meta.dirname, "dist");

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -48,12 +47,9 @@ export function createServer(): McpServer {
}

async function main() {
if (process.argv.includes("--stdio")) {
await createServer().connect(new StdioServerTransport());
} else {
const port = parseInt(process.env.PORT ?? "3001", 10);
await startServer(createServer, { port, name: "Basic MCP App Server (React)" });
}
process.argv.includes("--stdio")
? await startStdioServer(createServer)
: await startHttpServer(createServer);
}

main().catch((e) => {
Expand Down
23 changes: 14 additions & 9 deletions examples/basic-server-solid/server-utils.ts
View file
Open in desktop
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,29 +1,34 @@
/**
* Shared utilities for running MCP servers with Streamable HTTP transport.
* Shared utilities for running MCP servers with various transports.
*/

import { createMcpExpressApp } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/express.js";
import type { McpServer } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/mcp.js";
import { StdioServerTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/stdio.js";
import { StreamableHTTPServerTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/streamableHttp.js";
import cors from "cors";
import type { Request, Response } from "express";

export interface ServerOptions {
port: number;
name?: string;
/**
* Starts an MCP server with stdio transport.
*
* @param createServer - Factory function that creates a new McpServer instance.
*/
export async function startStdioServer(
createServer: () => McpServer,
): Promise<void> {
await createServer().connect(new StdioServerTransport());
}

/**
* Starts an MCP server with Streamable HTTP transport in stateless mode.
*
* @param createServer - Factory function that creates a new McpServer instance per request.
* @param options - Server configuration options.
*/
export async function startServer(
export async function startHttpServer(
createServer: () => McpServer,
options: ServerOptions,
): Promise<void> {
const { port, name = "MCP Server" } = options;
const port = parseInt(process.env.PORT ?? "3001", 10);

const app = createMcpExpressApp({ host: "0.0.0.0" });
app.use(cors());
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -55,7 +60,7 @@ export async function startServer(
});

const httpServer = app.listen(port, () => {
console.log(`${name} listening on http://localhost:${port}/mcp`);
console.log(`Server listening on http://localhost:${port}/mcp`);
});

const shutdown = () => {
Expand Down
12 changes: 4 additions & 8 deletions examples/basic-server-solid/server.ts
View file
Open in desktop
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
import { McpServer } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/mcp.js";
import { StdioServerTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/stdio.js";
import type { CallToolResult, ReadResourceResult } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js";
import fs from "node:fs/promises";
import path from "node:path";
import { registerAppTool, registerAppResource, RESOURCE_MIME_TYPE } from "@modelcontextprotocol/ext-apps/server";
import { startServer } from "./server-utils.js";
import { startStdioServer, startHttpServer } from "./server-utils.js";

const DIST_DIR = path.join(import.meta.dirname, "dist");

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -57,12 +56,9 @@ function createServer(): McpServer {
}

async function main() {
if (process.argv.includes("--stdio")) {
await createServer().connect(new StdioServerTransport());
} else {
const port = parseInt(process.env.PORT ?? "3001", 10);
await startServer(createServer, { port, name: "Basic MCP App Server (Solid)" });
}
process.argv.includes("--stdio")
? await startStdioServer(createServer)
: await startHttpServer(createServer);
}

main().catch((e) => {
Expand Down
23 changes: 14 additions & 9 deletions examples/basic-server-svelte/server-utils.ts
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Open in desktop
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,29 +1,34 @@
/**
* Shared utilities for running MCP servers with Streamable HTTP transport.
* Shared utilities for running MCP servers with various transports.
*/

import { createMcpExpressApp } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/express.js";
import type { McpServer } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/mcp.js";
import { StdioServerTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/stdio.js";
import { StreamableHTTPServerTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/streamableHttp.js";
import cors from "cors";
import type { Request, Response } from "express";

export interface ServerOptions {
port: number;
name?: string;
/**
* Starts an MCP server with stdio transport.
*
* @param createServer - Factory function that creates a new McpServer instance.
*/
export async function startStdioServer(
createServer: () => McpServer,
): Promise<void> {
await createServer().connect(new StdioServerTransport());
}

/**
* Starts an MCP server with Streamable HTTP transport in stateless mode.
*
* @param createServer - Factory function that creates a new McpServer instance per request.
* @param options - Server configuration options.
*/
export async function startServer(
export async function startHttpServer(
createServer: () => McpServer,
options: ServerOptions,
): Promise<void> {
const { port, name = "MCP Server" } = options;
const port = parseInt(process.env.PORT ?? "3001", 10);

const app = createMcpExpressApp({ host: "0.0.0.0" });
app.use(cors());
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -55,7 +60,7 @@ export async function startServer(
});

const httpServer = app.listen(port, () => {
console.log(`${name} listening on http://localhost:${port}/mcp`);
console.log(`Server listening on http://localhost:${port}/mcp`);
});

const shutdown = () => {
Expand Down
12 changes: 4 additions & 8 deletions examples/basic-server-svelte/server.ts
View file
Open in desktop
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
import { McpServer } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/mcp.js";
import { StdioServerTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/stdio.js";
import type { CallToolResult, ReadResourceResult } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js";
import fs from "node:fs/promises";
import path from "node:path";
import { registerAppTool, registerAppResource, RESOURCE_MIME_TYPE } from "@modelcontextprotocol/ext-apps/server";
import { startServer } from "./server-utils.js";
import { startStdioServer, startHttpServer } from "./server-utils.js";

const DIST_DIR = path.join(import.meta.dirname, "dist");

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -57,12 +56,9 @@ function createServer(): McpServer {
}

async function main() {
if (process.argv.includes("--stdio")) {
await createServer().connect(new StdioServerTransport());
} else {
const port = parseInt(process.env.PORT ?? "3001", 10);
await startServer(createServer, { port, name: "Basic MCP App Server (Svelte)" });
}
process.argv.includes("--stdio")
? await startStdioServer(createServer)
: await startHttpServer(createServer);
}

main().catch((e) => {
Expand Down
23 changes: 14 additions & 9 deletions examples/basic-server-vanillajs/server-utils.ts
View file
Open in desktop
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,29 +1,34 @@
/**
* Shared utilities for running MCP servers with Streamable HTTP transport.
* Shared utilities for running MCP servers with various transports.
*/

import { createMcpExpressApp } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/express.js";
import type { McpServer } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/mcp.js";
import { StdioServerTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/stdio.js";
import { StreamableHTTPServerTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/streamableHttp.js";
import cors from "cors";
import type { Request, Response } from "express";

export interface ServerOptions {
port: number;
name?: string;
/**
* Starts an MCP server with stdio transport.
*
* @param createServer - Factory function that creates a new McpServer instance.
*/
export async function startStdioServer(
createServer: () => McpServer,
): Promise<void> {
await createServer().connect(new StdioServerTransport());
}

/**
* Starts an MCP server with Streamable HTTP transport in stateless mode.
*
* @param createServer - Factory function that creates a new McpServer instance per request.
* @param options - Server configuration options.
*/
export async function startServer(
export async function startHttpServer(
createServer: () => McpServer,
options: ServerOptions,
): Promise<void> {
const { port, name = "MCP Server" } = options;
const port = parseInt(process.env.PORT ?? "3001", 10);

const app = createMcpExpressApp({ host: "0.0.0.0" });
app.use(cors());
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -55,7 +60,7 @@ export async function startServer(
});

const httpServer = app.listen(port, () => {
console.log(`${name} listening on http://localhost:${port}/mcp`);
console.log(`Server listening on http://localhost:${port}/mcp`);
});

const shutdown = () => {
Expand Down
12 changes: 4 additions & 8 deletions examples/basic-server-vanillajs/server.ts
View file
Open in desktop
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
import { McpServer } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/mcp.js";
import { StdioServerTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/stdio.js";
import type { CallToolResult, ReadResourceResult } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js";
import fs from "node:fs/promises";
import path from "node:path";
import { registerAppTool, registerAppResource, RESOURCE_MIME_TYPE, RESOURCE_URI_META_KEY } from "@modelcontextprotocol/ext-apps/server";
import { startServer } from "./server-utils.js";
import { startStdioServer, startHttpServer } from "./server-utils.js";

const DIST_DIR = path.join(import.meta.dirname, "dist");
const RESOURCE_URI = "ui://get-time/mcp-app.html";
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -59,12 +58,9 @@ export function createServer(): McpServer {
}

async function main() {
if (process.argv.includes("--stdio")) {
await createServer().connect(new StdioServerTransport());
} else {
const port = parseInt(process.env.PORT ?? "3102", 10);
await startServer(createServer, { port, name: "Basic MCP App Server (Vanilla JS)" });
}
process.argv.includes("--stdio")
? await startStdioServer(createServer)
: await startHttpServer(createServer);
}

main().catch((e) => {
Expand Down
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